Grinder or hone for cylindrical surfaces



April 1935- J, E; G KLINE 1,998,460

GRINDER OR HQNE FOR CYLINDRICAL SURFACES Filed Nov. 25, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR 0446! 2W7? BY @J WW A TTORNEYS April 23, 1935. J. E. G. KLINE GRINDER OR HONE FOR CYLINDRICAL SURFACES Filed Nov; 25, 1951 3 Sheets-Sh eet' 2 INVENTOR fi gd fwyz we BY A TTORNEYS April 23, 1935. J. E. G. KLINE GRINDER OR HONE FOR CYLINDRICAL SURFACES Filed Nov. '25, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Apr. 23, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFICE GRINDER OB BONE FOR CYLINDRICAL SURFACES Application November 2 23 Claims.

This invention relates to a grinder for grinding, honing, polishing or finishing the bores of cylinders, liners and bearings forming part of gas engines, steam engines, air compressors, pumps and other apparatus.

The principal object of this invention is to provide an instrument of this character which has means for automatically expanding the working diameter of the abrasive members of the tool as the same is inserted in the cylindrical bore of the work-piece and to automatically contract the working diameter of the same upon withdrawing the tool from the bore of the work piece when the machine finishing of the same has been completed.

Another object of this invention is to so organize the instrument that the same may be set to automatically let out the abrading members to make up for wear on the abrading members and the stock removed from the work piece up to a certain predetermined limit.

Further objects of this invention are to improve the grinder in various details of construction so as to render the same compact, strong and durable, manually adjustable for increasing or decreasing the 'working diameter of the tool, and to increase the efliciency and durability of the same.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, of a grinder embodying my improvements.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the same.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 33 Fig. 1 looking downwardly.

Figures 4 and 5 are fragmentary longitudinal sections, on an enlarged scale, of the upper and lower parts of the grinder, showing the parts in the position which they occupy when the abrasive members are expanded and in engagement with the bore of a work piece.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the sliding coupling between the screw nuts forming part of the means for longitudinally adjusting the upper stone shifting cone.

Figure 'l is a similar View of one of the draw links and draw levers whereby the tension disks are'drawn together for spreading the cones of the working diameter adjusting mechanism and. contracting the stones out of engagement from the bore of the work piece. Figures 8, 9, l and 11 are cross sections \taken on the correspondingly numbered lines in Fig. 4. 4

Figure 12 is a fragmentary side elevation, part- 5, 1931, Serial No. 577,296

ly in section, of one of the links, levers and the disks of the spring tensioning means.

Figure 13 is a fragmentary section showing a modified form of the trip cam.

In the following description similar characters of reference indicate like parts in the several figures of the drawings.

The numeral Ill represents a work piece having a cylindrical bore I I which is to be ground, honed or polished, this work piece being a cylinder or lining of a gas engine, steam engine, an air compressor, pump or similar apparatus and held stationary on an appropriate support by any suitable fastening means.

The grinding mechanism may be of any approved construction so as to permit of expanding and contracting the working diameter of the same, but it is preferred to employ a grinding mechanism substantially like that shown and described in U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,610,681 dated December 14, 1926 and No. 1,692,661 dated November 20, 1928. The particular embodiment of this grinding mechanism shown in the drawings is constructed as follows:

The numeral l2 represents the grinder body which is provided with a longitudinal bore l3 arranged axially in the body, a plurality of radial longitudinal driving grooves l4 arranged on the periphery of the body, and a pair of upper and lower guideways l5, l6 extending radially from the upper and lower part of the central bore l3 to the upper and lower parts of each driving groove. Slidable lengthwise in the'upper and lower parts of the central bore in the body, are upper and lower stone adjusting cones or wedge members l1, l8 which have their small ends opposing each' other and are held against tuming by spline pins l9 arranged on. the grinder body and engaging with longitudinal slots or grooves 20 on the cones, respectively, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5. In each pair of guideways l5, IS a pair of upper and lower shifting pins 2| 22 slide radially and engage their inner ends with the conical surfaces of the upper and lower cones, respectively. Within each driving groove I4 is arranged a longitudinal holder 23 of channel form in which is mounted a longitudinal grinding stone or abrasive member 24. The upper and lower parts of each stone holder engage their inner side with the outer ends of the corresponding pair of shifting pins 2|, 22 and are yieldingly retained in this position by upper and lower annular springs 25, 26 engaging with pins 21 at the upper and lower ends of the stone holders, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 5. r

Upon moving the two adjusting cones toward each other the shifting pins are pushed outwardly whereby the stone holders and the stones carried thereby are likewise moved outwardly and the working diameter at'the outer faces of the stones is increased accordingly. Upon separating the adjusting cones the resiliences of the annular springs 25, 26 draw the stone holders and stones inwardly together with the shifting pins during which time the inner ends of the shifting pins slide from the large part toward the small part of the cones so that the working diameter of the tool is reduced.

Rotation of the body of the tool and the parts associated therewith may be variously effected but in the present case this is accomplished by a tubular driving shaft having a lower section 28 connected by a lower universal coupling and with the upper end of the tool body l2 and an upper section 29 connected at its lower end by one or more screws 30 and one or more rivets 3| with the upper end of the lower section 28, and adapted to be connected at its upper end by an upper universal coupling joint with a power shaft.

The lower universal coupling joint preferably comprises a ball 32 arranged at the lower end of the lower driving shaft section 28 and seated in a sphericalsocket 33 at the upper end of the tool body l2 and driving pins 34 arranged diametrically on the ball 32 and engaging its opposite ends with notches 35 in a part of the spherical socket 33. The upper universal coupling joint comprises a ball 36 arranged at the upper end of the upper driving shaft section 29 and adapted to engage with a socket in the lower end of a power shaft or spindle, and a coupling pin 31 arranged diametrically in the ball 36 and adapted to engage its opposite ends with notches in the socket of the power shaft in the usual and wellknown manner in which tools of this character are now operatively detachably connected with a power source.

By means of the universal joints in the connections between the driving shaft and the tool body and between the driving shaft and the power shaft, it is possible for the tool to shift its position laterally and adapt itself to the work piece in case the tool and work piece were previously not in exact alinement, thereby enabling the grinder to operate properly on the work piece without liability of cramping any of the parts.

Means are provided for manually adjusting the radial position of the abrasive members or stones and therefore the working diameter of the tool either while the tool is at rest or while the same is in operation. The preferred form of the diameter adjusting means shown in the drawings is constructed as follows:

Arranged axially within the body of the tool and the tubular driving shaft is a central adjusting rod 38 which also extends through axial holes 39, 40 in the upper and lower cones l1, l8 which are of. somewhat larger diameter than this adjusting rod so as to permit of moderate lateral play of the adjusting rod in the cones and associated parts. The lower end of this adjusting rod is connected with the lower cone l8 so as to form in effect a universal joint or coupling therewith by a transverse pin 4| passing loosely through the lower cone and the adjacent part of the adjusting rod, as shown in Fig. 5.

At its upper end the inner or central adjusting a rod is provided with an external screw thread 42 which is engaged by the internal thread of an upper adjusting screw nut 43. The latter is provided at its upper end with a tubular hub 44 which is joumaled so as to be capable of rotating and also sliding lengthwise in a bearing 45 formed axially in the upper end of the upper driving shaft section 29, as shown in Fig. 4.

Surrounding the inner or central adjusting rod 38 is an outer or tubular adjusting rod 46 arranged in the lower driving shaft section. The upper end of the outer tubular adjusting rod 46 is provided with an external screw thread and this is engaged by the internal screw thread 48 of a lower adjusting screw nut 41. The lower end of the tubular adjusting rod 46 fits loosely in the bore 39 of the upper cone l1 and is loosely connected therewith by transverse pins 49, as shown in Figs. 3 and 5 so as to form in effect a universal coupling or joint between these parts. The periphery of the outer tubular adjusting rod is somewhat smaller than the bore of the adjacent lower driving shaft section 28 in order to permit a moderate play between these parts which, together with the play between the irmer and outer adjusting rods and the universal joints between these rods and the cones, permit of transmitting motion to the cones for varying the diameter of the tool notwithstanding that the axes of the tool and the power shaft are not exactly in alinement.

A coupling is provided which compels the upper adjusting screw nut 43 and the lower adjusting screw nut 41 to turn together but permit these members to move lengthwise independently of each other. This is preferably accomplished by providing the lower end of the upper adjusting screw nut 43 with a tubular neck 49 which terminates in clutch jaws 56, and these are interspaced with corresponding clutch jaws 5| on the upper end of a tubular neck 52 on the upper end of the tubular outer adjusting rod 46, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6.

The threads of the screw joint between the upper screw nut 43 and the inner adjusting rod 38 and the threads of the joint between the lowerv screw nut 41 and the outer tubular adjusting rod 46 are of the same pitch but trending in opposite directions. Due to this construction the two adjusting screw nuts 43, 41 when turned in one direction will cause the inner adjusting rod 38 and its lower cone to be raised and the outer adjusting rod 46 and its upper cone to be lowered, and thereby force the stone holders outwardly for enlarging the working diameter of the tool, while upon turning the screw nuts 43, 41 in the opposite direction the inner adjusting rod 38 and lower cone will be lowered and the outer adjusting rod and upper cone will be raised, thereby permitting the contracting springs 25, 26 to draw the stone holders radially inward and reduce the working diameter of the tool accordingly.

The upper and lower cones are yieldingly pressed together lengthwise of the axis of the tool by a tension device which in its preferred form comprises a lower tension sleeve 53 surrounding the neck 52 of the lower adjusting screw nut 41 and provided with an external bearing disk 54, an upper tension sleeve 55 surrounding the opposing ends of the necks 59 and 52 of the upper and lower adjusting screw nuts 43 and 41 and provided with an external bearing disk 56, and a helical spring 51 surrounding the tension sleeves and engaging its. upper and lower ends with the bearing disks of the upper and lower tension sleeves, as shown in Fig. 4. An upper ball thrust bearing 58 is interposed between the upper end of the upper tension sleeve and the lower end of the upper adjusting screw nut and a similar ball thrust bearing 5 is interposed between the lower end of the lower tension sleeve and the upper end of the lower adjusting screw nut 41, as shown in Fig. 4.

By this means the cones are always drawn together by spring tension but are free to move away from each other when turning the adjusting screws in unison in the proper direction.

Turning of the adjusting screw nuts from the exterior of the driving shaft is effected manually when it is desired to either increase or decrease the working diameter of the tool. This is accomplished in the present case by means of a manually operable adjusting ring 60 rotatably mounted on the upper contracted part of the upper driving shaft section but held against lengthwise movement thereon by an annular row of balls 6| having their inner and outer parts engaging with companion grooves 62, 63 formed respectively on the periphery of the upper driving shaft section and the bore of the adjusting ring, an outer internal gear ring 64 secured in the lower part of the bore of the adjusting ring, an inner gear pinion 65 formed on the periphery of the upper adjusting screw nut 43 and having comparatively long teeth, and an intermediate or idle gear pinion 66 journaled on the upper part of the upper driving shaft section and meshing on its outerside with the internal gear rim 64 while its inner side meshes with the inner gear pinion 65, as shown in Fig. 4. Upon turning the adjusting ring in one 'for this purpose consist of one or more detent pawls 61 each preferably of ball shape and arranged in the upper end of a pocket 68 in the upper part of the upper driving shaft section and yleldingly held in engagement with the lower ends of the teeth of the internal gear rim 64 by a spring 69 arranged in the pocket 68 between the bottom thereof and the underside of the detent pawl 61, as shown in Fig. 4. The tension of the spring 69 is such that it normally holds the rim 64 against turning but will readily yield when sufficient manual pressure is exerted to overcome the spring 69 and thereby permit of adjusting the tool to the desired working diameter.

In using this tool the same is rotated and also reciprocated by suitable mechanism which operates the power shaft connected with the driving shaft while the tool is arranged within the cylinder which is being ground, honed or polished, thereby finishing the surfaces with which the abrasive members or stones are engaged and when the outer faces of the stones become worn to such an extent that the same do not operate with the desired effect then the attendant turns the adjusting ring 60 a suflicient extent to project the stones radially outward in order to increase the working diameter of the tool, whereby the grinding, honing or polishing effect of the tool is restored and the operation on the work piece may be resumed until the stones again require resetting.

When the cylinder being ground has a straight or parallel sided wall then the several stones of the tool are arranged parallel with each other but when the bore of the cylinder is of more or less tapering form then the stones will autodue to the respective shifting pins sliding from the large toward the small ends of said cones, and at the same time the other conewill be moved toward its small end, thereby moving the shifting pins in engagement therewith outwardly due to the last-mentioned 'pins sliding from the small end toward the large end of the last-mentioned cone.

During such action both of the cones together with the adjusting rods, and adjusting screws, will move lengthwise as a unit or independently of each other in adapting themselves to the tapering form of the bore and when the latter by the continued grinding action on its high places by the stones has restored the same to true or straight cylindrical form, then the cones will automatically resume their normal position in which the stones are again maintained in a parallel position relative to the axis of the tool.

When the grinding, honing or polishing of a cylinder has been completed the tool is lifted wholly out of the cylinder by the mechanism which operates the power shaft and then inserted in the new cylinder which has been submitted for the finished one. 7

Means are provided whereby the stones of the tool are automatically retracted so as to reduce the diameter of the tool while withdrawing the same from a cylinder and the tool is retained in an inoperative position outside of a cylinder, but when the tool is inserted into a cylinder which is to be ground the stones are automatically projected to increase the working diameter of the tool and engage the outer faces of the stories with the cylindrical surface to be ground, honed or polished.

The means for this purpose which are shown in the drawings as a preferred embodiment of the present invention are constructed as follows:

The numeral 10 represents a pilot which receives the body and abrading members as the same are withdrawn from the cylinder and guides the body and abrading members as the same are moved into their operative position relative to the work piece. This pilot has preferably the form of an upright cylindrical sleeve or case which is arranged concentrically around the tool and the parts connected therewith and which may be held against movement by any suitable means, such for example as a bracket 1| secured to the outer side of the sleeve or case 10 and fastened to an adjacent part 12 of the main frame of the machine in which the grinder tool is utilized.

Within the upper part of this pilot sleeve or case and preferably, though not necessarily secured thereto by screws 13 or otherwise, is a trip cam having the form of a ring 14 which surrounds the grinding tool and is provided with a bore,

the lower part 15 of which is conical or bell shaped P and of downwardly flaring form, while the upper part 16 of this bore is of cylindrical form.

The numeral 11 represents a plurality of longitudinal shifting links arranged within the upper section of the hollow driving shaft and around the upper and lower tension disks 56, 54 and each of these links engaging its upper part in a notch 78 in the periphery of the upper tension disk 56 and its lower part in a notch 19 in the periphery of the lower tension disk, as shown in Figs. 4, 10 and 11 whereby these links serve to prevent the tension disks from turning relatively to each other. At its upper end each of the shifting links is provided with a head forming a downwardly facing shoulder 80 which engages with a shoulder 10! on the upper side of the upper tension disk,

as shown in Figs. 4, 7 and 12; and at its lower' end each shifting link is provided with an upwardly facing shoulder 95 which engages with a shoulder I02 on the underside of the lower tension disk 54, as shown in Fig. 12, and thereby operates as means for limiting the distance which the tension disks can separate under the action of the spring and prevents the abrading members from being projected beyond the diameter of the circle for which they have been set.

On the lower end of each shifting link a vertically swinging shifting lever is pivoted thereto by a horizontal pin 81 which lever is of elbow form and provided with an upper arm 82 which projects inwardly into a notch 83 in the adjacent part of the lower tension sleeve 53 and engages with the underside of the lower tension disk and is also provided with a lower arm 34 which projects downwardly and outwardly through a longitudinal slot 85 in the adjacent parts of the upper and lower driving shaft sections, as shown in Figs. 4 and 8. Arranged lengthwise in each slot 85 is a trip shoe 86 which engages its central part with the outer end of the lower arm 84 of the respective shifting lever and has its upper end pivoted on the adjacent part of the upper driving shaft section while its lower end is movable radially in the respective slot 85.

The pivotal connection between the trip shoe and the upper driving shaft section is preferably effected by providing the upper end of this shoe with a cylindrical knuckle 81 which is seated between a recess 88 in the adjacent part of the upper driving shaft section and a retaining block 89 secured to the latter by a screw 90. The outward swinging movement of each trip shoe under centrifugal action is limited by a lug 9| at the lower end of this shoe engaging with a shoulder 92 on the adjacent part of this driving shaft section, as shown in Fig. 4.

In the position of the parts shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5 the body of the tool is lowered into the work piece and the abrading members or stones are projected radially outward into engagement with the cylindrical surface to be ground.

As shown in Fig. 4 the adjusting screws 43, 41 have been set so that the tension disks 55, 54 are separated from each other a distance slightly less than the distance between the upper and lower shoulders Bil, 95 of the shifting links while the abrading members engage the bore of the work. At this time the trip shoes 85 are swung outwardly at an angle so as to present the upwardly inclined outer sides 93 of these shoes to the cam face '15 of the cam ring 74. While the tool is in this'position the same is rotated and reciprocated a sufficient number of times to remove the required amount of stock from the work piece in process of being finished.

During this time the resilience of the spring 51 pushes apart the tension disks 56, 54 and actuates the cones l'l, l8 to project the abrading members until the upper and lower disks engage the upper and lower shoulders 80, 95 of the links 11 when the outward projection of the abrading members reach their limit for this particular setting. This outward projecting movement of the abrading members is efiected automatically by the resilience of the spring 51, the compression of which has been previously increased by turning the screw nuts 43, 41 so as to permit the abrading members when free to project a greater distance than the diameter of the cylinder to be finished. Due to this the abrading members upon being engaged with the cylindrical surface to be finished will not be able to project as far as the limit for which they have been set and this will maintain the tension disks initially closer together than the distance which it is possible to separate between the shoulders 80, 95 of the links. When, however, the stones wear and the stock is removed from the work piece the spring 5'! causes the stones to follow up automatically until the disks engage the limiting shoulders 80, 95 of the links, after which the screw nuts 43, 41 must be turned'to again let out the stones preparatory to forming the next large circle of the grinding operation.

After the grinding or honing operation has been completed the grinder is lifted so that its body is wholly withdrawn from the work piece and transferred to the inner side of the pilot sleeve or case 10. In order to permit the body and stones to enter the pilot sleeve or case without liability of conflict between the upper ends of the stones and the lower edge of the pilot sleeve or case this edge is provided with an upwardly tapering bevel 94 which is adaptedto be engaged by the upper ends of the abrasive members or stones upon lifting the same, together with the body, out of the work piece.

As the grinder continues its upward movement after entering the pilot sleeve the inclined outer sides 93 of the trip shoes engage the cam face while the tool is still rotating, thereby pressing the several shoes inwardly and causing the shifting levers to be turned in a direction for elevating the lower tension disk 54 by the upward movement of the arms 82 and depressing the upper tension disk 56 by the downward pull of the links 17. When this occurs the tension spring 51 is further compressed and the annular springs 25, 26 are permitted to draw the stone holders radially inwardly and to spread the cones apart through the medium of the shifting pins 21, 22. At this time the inner adjusting rod 38 moves downwardly with its lower cone l8 and the upper adjusting screw nut 43 but the latter remains in operative connection with the intermediate gear pinion 65 owing to the teeth of the latter being sufiiciently long to permit of such movement without disengagement of the teeth of the gears 65, 66.

Relative longitudinal movement of the upper and lower cones is also possible without disturbing the operative relation of the upper and lower adjusting screw nuts 43, 47 due to the cooperating sliding jaws 58, 5| of the coupling between the necks thereof.

While the tool is thus raised the stones may be adjusted radially to suit the amount of material which is to be removed from the bore of the work piece to be ground, and also to let out for wear on the stones. Upon again lowering the grinder the body and abrading members are first guided by the pilot sleeve 10 into the bore of the work piece and then the trip shoes 85 clear the cam 75 which permits the stone holders to expand under the action of the spring 51 which draws the cones together and pushes the stone holders outwardly until the stones engage the bore of the work piece.

By this means the tool can be quickly inserted into and withdrawn from the bore of the work piece without interference and without requiring any special care on the part of the attendant, thereby enabling work of this character to be performed more expeditiously and economically. Moreover the stones can be readily let out to make up for wear on the same and the stock removed, the spring feed device operates to automatically project the stones until the limit for which they have been set is reached, and the stones are automatically retracted when the tool is removed from the work piece and again projected when the tool is reinserted in the bore of the work piece.

The trip ring 14 is shown stationary in Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawings due to its being fastened to the pilot sleeve 10 by means of the screws 13. If desired this cam ring 15 may be rotatably mounted on the pilot sleeve by means of a plurality of pins 96 mounted on the pilot sleeve 10 and engaging an annular groove 91 in the periphery of this cam ring, as shown in Fig. 13.

In order to prevent the tool from becoming unduly heated a liquid coolant is supplied to the same while in operation which coolant is preferably introduced into the pilot sleeve through ports or openings 98 in the lower part thereof whereby the body and associated parts while arranged in the pilot sleeve or below the same will be acted upon by the stream of coolant.

If desired the exterior of the adjusting sleeve may be indexed or graduated as shown at 99 in Fig. 1 and moved with reference to a registering mark I on the driving shaft for readily determining the relative position of the adjusting mechanism.

I claim as my invention:

1. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece, comprising a rotatable body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, and means for moving said abrading members laterally on said body including two reversely arranged cones movable lengthwise on said body and actuating said abrading members, two longitudinally movable adjusting members connected respectively with said cones, two adjusting screw nuts arranged on said adjusting members, and spring tension means interposed between said screw nuts.

2. A grinder or hone gar finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatable body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, and means for moving said abrading members laterally on said body, including two reversely" arranged cones movable lengthwise on said body and actuating said abrading members, aninner adjusting rod arranged lengthwise of the body and connected with one of said cones, an outer adjusting rod surrounding said inner rod and connected with the other cone, screw nuts arranged on said adjusting rods, and spring means interposed between said screw nuts.

3. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatable body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, and means for moving said abrading members laterally on said body including two reversely arranged cones movable lengthwise on said body and actuating said abrading members, an inner adjusting rod arranged lengthwise of the body and connected with one of said cones, an outer adjusting rod surrounding said inner rod and connected with the other cone, screw nuts arranged on said adjusting rods, spring means interposed between said screw nuts, the threads of said screw nuts trending in the same direction, and a coupling between said screw nuts for compelling the same to turn together but permitting the same to move lengthwise independently of each other.

4. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatable body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, and means for moving said abrading members laterally on said body, including two reversely arranged cones movable lengthwise on said body and actuating said abrading members, an inner adjusting rod arranged lengthwise of the body and connected with one of said cones, an outer adjusting rod surrounding said inner rod and connected with the other cone, screw nuts arranged on said adjusting rods, spring means interposed between said screw nuts, a limiting means for arresting the relative movement of said wedge cones under the action of said spring means.

5. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, oppositely arranged wedge members for actuating said abrading members movable axially in said body, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod connected at one end with one of said wedge members, an outer tubular adjusting rod surrounding said inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the other wedge member, adjusting screw nuts arranged on the corresponding opposite ends of said adjusting rods, spring means interposed between said screw nuts for yieldingly holding said wedge members apart, and means for limiting the separating movement of said wedge members under the action of said spring means.

6. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, oppositely. arranged wedge members for actuating said abrading members movable axially in said body, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod connected at one end with one of said wedge members, an outer tubular adjusting rod surrounding said inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the other wedge member, adjusting screw nuts arranged on the corresponding opposite ends of said adjusting rods, tension disks bearing in opposite directions against said screw nuts, a tension spring interposed between said disks, and means for limiting the separation of said disks.

7. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, oppositely arranged wedge members for actuating said abrading members movable axially in said body, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod connected at one end with one of said wedge members, an outer tubular adjusting rodsurrounding said inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the other wedge. member, adjusting screw nuts arranged at the corresponding opposite ends of said adjusting rods, tension disks bearing in opposite directions against said screw nuts, a. tension spring interposed between said disks, and means for limiting the separation of said disks, including a link having shoulders bearing against the outer sides of said disks.

8. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, oppositely arranged wedge members for actuating said abrading members movable axially in said body, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod connected at one end with one of said wedge members, an outer tubular adjusting rod surrounding said inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the other wedge member, adjusting screw nuts arranged at the corresponding opposite ends of said adjusting rods, tension disks bearing in opposite directions against said screw nuts, a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks including a longitudinal link having its opposite end portions arranged in notches formed in the periphery of the disks and provided with shoulders engaging the outer sides of said disks.

9. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, oppositely arranged wedge members for actuating said abrading members movable axially in said body, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod connected at one end with one of said wedge members, an outer tubular adjusting rod surrounding said inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the other wedge member, adjusting screw nuts arranged at the corresponding opposite ends of said adjusting rods, tension disks bearing in opposite directions against said screw nuts, a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, and means for turning said screw nuts to shift the relative position of said wedge members.

10. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, oppositely arranged wedge members for actuating said abrading members movable axially in said body, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod connected at one end with one of said wedge members, an outer tubular adjusting rod surrounding said inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the other wedge member, adjusting screw nuts arranged at the corresponding opposite ends of said adjusting rods, tension disks bearing in opposite directions against said screw nuts, a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, means for coupling said screw nuts to compel the same to turn together but permit the same to move lengthwise independently of each other, the cooperating threads of said adjusting screw nuts and adjusting rods trending in opposite directions; and means for turning said screw nuts from the exterior of the instrument.

11. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a body, abrading members movable laterally on said body, oppositely arranged wedge members for actuating said abrading members movable axially in said body, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod connected at one end with one of said wedge members, an outer tubular adjusting rod surrounding said inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the other wedge member, adjusting screw nuts arranged at the corresponding opposite ends of said adjusting rods, tension disks bearing in opposite directions against said screw nuts, a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, means for coupling said screw nuts to compel the same to turn together but permit the same to move lengthwise independently of each other, the cooperating threads of said adjusting screw nuts and adjusting rods trending in opposite directions; and means for turning said screw nuts from the exterior of the instrument, including an inner driven gear pinion arranged on the screw nut of the inner adjusting rod, an intermediate gear pinion meshing with the inner gear pinion, and an outer gear rim meshing with said intermediate gear pinion.

12. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a tubular driving shaft connected with the body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, reversely arranged cones movable axially in said body and actuating said abrading members, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod arranged in said body and shaft and passing through one of said cones and connected with the other cone, an outer tubular adjusting rod arranged lengthwise in said shaft and around the inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the cone through which the inner ad- .justing rod passes, screw nuts engaging with corresponding ends of said adjusting rods, the threads of one of these nuts and rod trending in a direction opposite to the threads of the other nut and rod, necks arranged on the opposing ends of said nuts and having cooperating clutch jaws which compel, these nuts to turn together but permit the same to move lengthwise independently of each other, spring means interposed between said screw nuts, a bearing hub arranged on the screw nut of the inner adjusting rod and journaled axially on the adjacent part of the driving shaft, an inner gear pinion arranged on said last mentioned screw nut, an intermediate gear pinion journaled on. the driving shaft and meshing with said inner gear pinion, an adjusting sleeve rotatably mounted on the exterior of the driving shaft, and an internal gear rim mounted on the inner side of said adjusting sleeve and meshing with said intermediate gear pinion.

13. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a tubular driving shaft connected with the body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, reversely arranged cones movable axially in said body and actuating said abrading members, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod arranged in said body and shaft and passing through one of said cones and connected with the other cone, an outer tubular adjusting rod arranged lengthwise in said shaft and around the inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the cone through which the inner adjusting rod passes, screw nuts engaging with corresponding ends of said adjusting rods, the threads of one of these nuts and rod trending in a direction opposite to the threads of the other nut and rod, necks arranged on the opposing ends of said nuts and having cooperating clutch jaws which compel these nuts to turn together but permit the same i driving shaft and meshing with said inner gear i pinion, an adjusting sleeve rotatably mounted on 3 the exterior of the driving shaft, an internal gear rim mounted on the inner side of said adjusting sleeve and meshing with said intermediate gear pinion, and detent means for yieldingly holding the adjusting sleeve against turning.

14. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface of a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a tubular driving shaft connected with the body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, reversely arranged cones movable axially in said body and actuating said abrading members, an inner longitudinal adjusting rod arranged in said body and shaft and passing through one of said cones and con- I nected with the other cone, an outer tubular adjusting rod arranged lengthwise in said shaft and around the inner adjusting rod and connected at one end with the cone through which the inner adjusting rod passes, screw nuts engaging with corresponding ends of said adjusting rods, the threads of one of these nuts and rod trending in a direction opposite tothe threads of the other nut and rod, necks arranged on the opposing ends of said nuts and having cooperating clutch jaws which compel these nuts to turn together but permit the same to move lengthwise independently of each other, spring means interposed between said screw nuts, a bearing hub arranged on the screw nut of the inner adjusting rod and journaled axially on the adjacent part of the driving shaft, an inner gear pinion arranged on said last mentioned screw nut, an intermediate gear pinion journaled on the driving shaft and meshing with said inner gear pinion, an adjusting sleeve rotatably mounted on the exterior of the driving shaft, an internal gear rim mounted on the inner side of said adjusting sleeve and meshing with said intermediate gear pinion, and detent means for yieldingly holding the adjusting sleeve against turning including a detent ball movably mounted on said driving shaft, and a spring mounted on said shaft and operating to press said ball against the teeth of said internal gear rim.

15. A grinder or hone for finishing cylindrical surfaces comprising a rotatable body, carriers movable radially on said body and provided at their outer ends with abrading members adapted to engage the surface to be finished, adjusting wedges engaging the inner ends of said carriers and having their low parts facing eachother, and combined manual and automatic means for adjusting said wedges while the grinder is in operation, and expanding said carriers for taking up wear on said abrasive members and cylindrical surface, including longitudinal shifting members having their inner ends connected respectively with said wedges within said body, and their outer ends adjustably connected, and spring means interposed between said shifting members externally of said body and adapted to move said shifting members and wedges toward each other for moving the carriers outwardly and expanding said abrasive members,

16. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, and automatic means for projecting and retracting said abrading members on said body including two wedge members movable lengthwise relatively to each-other on the body and operatively associated with said abrading members, longitudinal adjusting rods connected respectively with said wedge members, adjusting screws threaded respectively on said adjusting rods, tension disks engaging said screw nuts, respectively; a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, and automatic means for moving said disks toward one another and compressing said spring and retracting said abrading members upon withdrawing the instrument from the work piece and permitting said spring to expand, the disks to separate and the abrading members to be projected upon moving said instrument into its operative position relative to said work piece.

17. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, and automatic means for projecting and retracting said abrading members on said body including two wedge members movable lengthwise relatively to each other on the body and operatively associated with said abrading members, longitudinal adjusting rods connected respectively with said wedge members, adjusting screws threaded respectively on said adjusting rods, tension disks engaging said screw nuts, respectively; a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, and automatic means for moving said disks toward one another, and compressing said spring and retracting said abrading members upon withdrawing the instrument from the work piece and permitting said spring to expand, the disks to separate and the abrading members to be projected upon moving said instrument into its operative position rela:- tive to said work piece, including lever means mounted on said limiting means and engaging one of said disks, and a relatively stationary trip cam adapted to actuate said lever means upon withdrawing the instrument from the work piece.

18. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, and automatic means for projecting and retracting said abrading members on said body including two wedge members movable lengthwise relatively to each other on the body and operatively associated with said abrading members, longitudinal adjusting rods connected respectively with said wedge members, adjusting screws threaded respectively on said adjusting rods, tension disks engaging said screw nuts, respectively; a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, including a link having shoulders engaging the sides of said disks opposite to those engaged by said tension spring, a shifting lever pivoted on said link and having an inner arm engaging one of said disks opposite to said spring, and a relatively stationary cam adapted to shift said shifting lever and move said disks toward one another and permitting the abrading members to retract upon withdrawing the instrument from the work piece.

19. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on'a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, and automatic-means for projecting and retracting said abrading members on said body including two wedge members movable lengthwise relatively to each other on the body and operatively associated with said abrading members, longitudinal adjusting rods connected respectively with said wedge members, adjusting screws threaded respectively on said adjusting rods, tension disks engaging said screw nuts, respectively; a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, including a link having shoulders engaging the sides of said disks opposite to those engaged by said tension spring, a shifting lever pivoted on said link and having an inner arm engaging one of said disks opposite to said spring, a driving shaft connected with said body, a trip shoe pivoted on said shaft and engaging the other arm of said shifting lever, and a relatively stationary cam adapted to move said trip shoe and associated parts for retracting said abrading members upon withdrawing the instrument from the work piece.

20. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatablebody, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, and automatic means for projecting and retracting said abrading members on said body including two wedge members movable lengthwise relatively to each other on the body and operatively associated with said abrading members, longitudinal adjusting rods connected respectively with said wedge members, adjusting screws threaded respectively on said adjusting rods, tension disks engaging said screw nuts, respectively; a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, including a link having shoul ders engaging the sides of said disks opposite to those engaged by said tension spring, a shifting lever pivoted on said link and having an inner arm engaging one of'said disks opposite to said spring, a driving shaft connected with said body, a trip shoe pivoted on said shaft and engaging the other arm of said shifting lever, and a relatively stationary trip ring having a conical cam surface adapted to be engaged by said trip shoe for moving the same and associated parts to re-' tract said abrading members upon withdrawing the instrument from the work piece.

21'. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, and automatic means for projecting and retracting said abrading members on said body including two wedge members movable lengthwise relatively to each other on the body and operatively associated with said abrading members, longitudinal adjusting rods connected respectively with said wedge members, adjusting screws threaded respectively on said adjusting rods, tension disks engaging said screw nuts, respectively; a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, including a link having shoulders engaging the sides of said disks opposite to those engaged by said tension spring, a shifting lever pivoted on said link and having an inner arm engaging one of said disks opposite to said spring, a driving shaft connected with said body, a trip shoe pivoted on said shaft and engaging the other arm of said shifting lever, a relatively stationary trip ring having a conical cam surface adapted to be engaged by said trip shoe for moving the same and associated parts to retract said abrading members upon withdrawing the instrument from the work piece, and cooperating stop surfaces on said trip shoe and shaft for limiting the outward movement of said trip shoe.

22. A grinder or hone for finishing a cylindrical surface on a work piece comprising a rotatable body, a plurality of abrading members movable laterally on said body, and automatic means for projecting and retracting said abrading members on said body including two wedge members movable lengthwise relatively to each other on the body and operatively associated with said abrading members, longitudinal adjusting rods connected respectively with said wedge members, adjusting screws threaded respectively on said adjusting rods, tension disks engaging said screw nuts, respectively; a tension spring interposed between said disks, means for limiting the separation of said disks, including a link having shoulders engaging the sides of said disks opposite to those engaged by said tension spring, a shifting lever pivoted on said link and having an inner arm engaging one of said disks opposite to said spring, a driving shaft connected with said body, a trip shoe pivoted on said shaft and engaging the other arm of said shifting lever, a relatively staadapted to be engaged by said trip shoe for moving the same and associated parts to retract said abrading members upon withdrawing the instrument from the work piece, and a stationary pilot sleeve which supports said trip ring and into which said body and abrading members are moved upon withdrawing the same from said work piece and which operates to guide said body and abrading members upon moving the same toward said work piece.

23. A grinder or hone for finishing cylindrical surfaces comprising a rotatable body ,carriers movable radially on said body and provided at their outer ends with abrading members adapted to engage the surface to be finished, adjusting wedges engaging the inner ends of said carriers and having their low parts facing each other, and means for adjusting said wedges while the grinder is in operation, and expanding said carriers for taking up wear on said abrasive members and cylindrical surface, including longitudinal shifting members having their inner ends connected respectively with said wedges within said body, and their outer ends adjustably comiected, spring means interposed between said shifting members externally of said body and adapted to move said shifting members and wedges toward each other for moving the carriers outwardly and expanding said abrasive members, manually operable means for actuating said adjusting means, and automatically operable means for actuating said adjusting means.

' JOHN EDWARD GEORGE KLINE. 

